IFC / SME Finance Forum — MSME Finance Gap (updated estimation)Mar 2025 · Formal MSME credit gap put at US$5.7 trillion — large, persistent unmet demandTradFi
ECB · Europe — April 2026 Euro Area Bank Lending SurveyApr 2026 · A net 10% of euro-area banks tightened business credit — sharpest since Q3 2023TradFi
US Federal Reserve · Americas — Senior Loan Officer Opinion SurveyApr 2026 · US banks report tighter lending standards for firms of all sizesTradFi
IFC · Africa — MSME Banking in the Digital EraSep 2025 · How African banks and fintech are finally reaching MSMEs through digital lendingTradFi
BIS · Basel III — Countercyclical Capital BufferFramework · Capital built in booms, released in downturns to keep credit flowingTradFi
BIS Quarterly Review — The Rise and Risks of Synthetic Risk TransfersMar 2026 · SRT issuance reached €21bn in 2024, protecting €260bn of bank loansTradFi
FSB — Report on Vulnerabilities in Private CreditMay 2026 · FSB sizes private credit at US$1.5–2T; flags bank links and data gapsTradFi
MAS · Singapore — Project Guardian: asset tokenisation2025 · Singapore's central bank scales tokenised funds, bonds and FX with Apollo, UBS, Franklin TempletonDeFi
HKMA · Hong Kong — Project Ensemble: tokenised deposits go liveNov 2025 · Hong Kong's central bank begins real-value tokenised-deposit settlement (EnsembleTX)DeFi
DFSA · Dubai (DIFC) — Tokenisation Regulatory SandboxMar 2025 · Dubai's regulator opens a tokenisation sandbox — ~100 firms apply to tokenise bonds, sukuk and fundsDeFi
Banco Central do Brasil · LatAm — Drex: tokenised digital real2025 · Brazil's central bank builds tokenised deposits and settlement to widen credit accessDeFi
rwa.xyz — Tokenized Credit (live on-chain data)Live · Primary on-chain tracker for tokenised credit — multi-billion and growingDeFi
The Block · Americas — DeFi Lending Hits Record $55B TVLJun 2025 · DeFi lending TVL at an all-time high; Maple's RWA credit pools up 417%DeFi
EUR-Lex · EU — Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA)Dec 2024 · The EU's binding regime for crypto-assets — fully applicable since Dec 2024DeFi
IOSCO — Tokenization of Financial Assets (Final Report)Nov 2025 · Global securities regulators: same activity, same risk for tokenised assetsDeFi
Citi Institute — Agentic AI: Finance & the 'Do It For Me' EconomyJan 2025 · Autonomous agents that choose products and execute financial transactions — a 'Do It For Me' economyAgentic
a16z — How Will My Agent Pay for Things?May 2025 · The emerging agent-payments stack — identity, rails and stablecoins agents need to transact and get paidAgentic
Catena Labs — Building the First AI-Native Financial InstitutionMay 2025 · Regulated accounts, payments & compliance for AI agents — first-class economic actors needing their own financial railsAgentic
